Regenerative atomizing and vaporizing device



July 7, 1931. N. G. MALONEY. JR 1,313,305

: REGENBRATIVE ATOHIZING AND VAPORIZING DEVICE Original Filed July 13. 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventor A itorriey July 7, 1931. N. G. MALONEY. JR 1,813,305

REGENERATIVE ATOMIZING AND VAPORIZING DEVICE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ill;

Original Filed Juky 13. 1929 Inventor July 7, 1931. N. G. MALONEY. JR

I REGENERATIVE ATOMIZING AND VAPORIZING DEVICE Original Filed July 13,1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inventor dVar wk flaw/7 M;

Attorney Patented July '7, 1931 UNITED 's'rarss NORVIN G. MALONE'Y, 33., OF KEY WEST, FLORIDA REGENERATIVE ATOMKZING AND VAPORIZING DEVICE Application filed July 13, 1929, Serial K013783655. Renewed January 3t), 1931.

gines.

Another very important object of the invention is to provide a device of this nature whereby the'liquid fuel in'a highly atomized state may be intermingled with heated air,

the device creating a terrific turbulence of air current, thereby increasing the rate of vaporization to a considerable degree, the said'mixture of air, vapor, liquid drops being acted uponby centrifugal force and the fuel intermingled with the airin the form wherein:

of fog and vapor to be fed to the internal combustion engine in a. relatively dry vaporlike state.

Another very important object of the in vention is to providea device of this nature fully capable of obtaining the result above enumerated and which, at the same time, will'be inexpensive, simple in construction, can. be readily and easily applied to any internal combustion engine, without materially alteringv the construction of, the engine, will be positive'and efficient in operation, at all times,.and otherwise well adapted for the. purpose for which it is designed.

Other objects and advantages of, the invention willbecoine apparent during'a study of the following description, taken in conn'ection with the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is an end view of my device. Figure '2 is a vertical longitudinal section'al View therethrough.

Figure 3 is a 'vertioal transverse sectional view, taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Figure 2. p A A Figure 4c isa vertical transverse sectional view, taken through one of the units or'section casingforming apart of theeassembled device as Shown in Figure 2,

' Figure 5 is a fragmentary side elevation of the device.

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view through themanifold of one of the units, showing the diagonal baffle plate located therein.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary detail sectional view, showing the manner of securing the shaft supporting plate within one of the units.

With reference more'in detail to the drawings, it will be seen that my improved atomizing and vaporizing device comprises what may be generally designated as a sectional casing, the same being indicated by the reference character 5. As intimated the casing comprises end sections 6 and 7 respectively and intermediate sections 8. I

Although I have herein shown but one intermediate casing 8, it isto be understood that any number maybe employed according to the desire of the user. All of the sections are substantially circular in configuration and comprise inner and outer spaced peripheral walls 9 and 9 respectively, the end units or casing section 6 being closed by one wall 10, said casing being open on its otherside as clearly indicated. This wall 10 providing a front closure for the entire device, while the other end casing 7 is closed on one side thereof through the medium of the wall 11, whichwall 11 constitutes a closure for the opposite end of the entire device 5. The wall 10 of the end casing 6 is provided with an intakeopening 12, a tubular neck 13 V surrounding-this opening 12 and extending forwardly of the assembled structure 5, as shown to advantage in Figure 2. Atits opposite end, the tubular casing or neck 13 is adapted to be coupled in any suitable manner to the engine, so that air preheated by the exhaust of the engine maybe conducted therethrough inwardly of theunit 5 The intermediate section 8 is closed on one side thereof by a circular wall 14, which wall 14' is provided with a central opening 15, whereby said section 8 may communicate with the end section 6, as will be hereinafter more apparent.

The wall 14 of the section 8 is provided Witliinwardly dire ted per phera fl ge 16, which flange is so formed as to provide a shoulder 17, extending about the outer periphery thereof. Thus the flange, at its peripheral edge is reduced as at 18 and this reduced. edge of the flange is telescoped in the open side of the end section 6, the shoulder 17 abutting the peripheral edge of said end sections 6 so as to limit the inward movement of the flange 16 within said end section 6 and at the same time permitting of a tight joint connection between said end section and intern'iediate section 8 as shown to advantage in Figure 2.

. he other end section 7 is also provided on its opposite side with a circular wall 19 in every respect similar to the wall 14 of the intermediate section 8, the said wall 19 being provided with the peripheral flange 20 shouldered as at 21 and having its reduced edge 22 receivable in a telescopic manner within the open side of the intermediate section 8 as also clearly illustrated in Figure 2. This wall 19 is also provit ed with a central opening 23 in alignment with the openings 12 and 15 respectively, thus affording communication of the end section 7 with the intermediate section 8 so thatthe preheated incoming air may pass entirely through the assembled sections to exhaust through the centrally disposed outlet opening 24 formed in the wall 11 of he end section 7. A tubular neck or passage 25 surrounds this opening 24, leading there rom to be coupled in any suitable manner ith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

The inner walls 9 of all of said units are provided on their inner faces with spiral ribs 26, the ribs forming therebetween liquid fuel receiving and conducting passages 27. These ribs or fins as they may be designated are designed like threads in a nut and coil around the respective units so as to lead toward the outlet 24 of the assembled sect-ion. This is also clea *ly shown in Figures 2 and 4. The purpose of these ribs and their passages 24 formed therefrom will also be hereinafter more fully explained.

Circular baffle plates or discs 28 are vertically disposed within the intermediate section 8 and the end section 7 concentrically with respect to their peripheral flanges 18 and 20 respectively. These plates are suitably supported through the medium of suitable brackets 29 extending from the walls 14 and 19 respectively, the said plates being secured to the outer ends of these brackets as at 30. A third plate 31, similar in every respect to the first mentioned plates 28 is supported concentrically within the end casing section 7,

' through the medium of suitable brackets 32,

similar to the brackets 29, which brackets extend outwardly from the inner face of the wall 11 of said end section 7, being disposed thereon in circumferentially spaced relation about the outlet opening 24, said plate 31 being secured to the ends of these brackets as at 33. Each of said plates 28 and 31 respectively is provided with a centrally disposed opening 34, and a shaft 35, extends horizontally through the assembled sections and is rotatably supported in the openings of the said plates as shown to advantage in Figure 2. Tubs 36 are keyed in any suitable manner upon the shaft 35, said hubs being arranged on that portion of the shaft extending through the respective sections. Fan blades 37 extend radially from the respective hubs 36, the hubs 36 and the blades 37 being positioned on the shaft forwardly of the plates 28 and 31 respectively for rotation within the respective sections between one wall of the section and one of the plates 28. Of course, the fan 28 within the end section 7 will be disposed therein between the plate 31 and the wall 19, the fan in the intermediate section being positioned between its walls 14 and that plate 28 supported on the wall 19 of the end sections 7, while lastly that fan rotatable within the end section 6 will be dis posed therein between the wall 10 of the section and the plate 28 supported on the Wall 14 of the intermediate section 8.

A tubular liquid fuel conduit line 32, lead ing from. a suitable source of supply, communicates with the inner end of the intake passage 13 with an opening 33, formed at said end of the intake passage 13. Any suitable means (not shown) may be utilized for rotating the shaft 25, consequently imparting rotation to the fan blade 37, whereby the heated air entering the assembled sections thr ugh the intake 12 will be forced through the assembled. sections consequently from one section to another in av turbulent manner, the liquid fuel from the conduits 32- intermingling with said air and of course being carried thr ugh the section to exhaust with the air through the exhaust opening 24 from here to be conducted in an air-borne saturated vapor state to the engine, supplying the fuel to the engine. In this connection, it will be noted that the spinning blade, whose main purpose is to create a powerful turbulence of air currents or eddies will result in somewhat of a boiling action, and at the same time, causing a complete mixing of fuel vapors and air.

The sections are of course held in assembled relation through the medium. of suitable bolts or other connecting members 34, extending through the aligned apertures of radially disposed ears 35, which ears or lugs are formed on the adjacent or abutting edges of the respective sections as shown to advantage in Figure 2.

The inner and outer Walls of the respective sections form therebetween manifolds 36, the manifolds of the respective sections communicating with one another when said sections are in assembled relation to provide a coni wsem tinuous-uhanifold circumj'ac ent;therentire as. se n'bled: unit 55'. as 1 is apparent; fnomi at study; of Figure: 2: A diagonah bafile plate: is: spirally disposedi Within! each of; the marriy folds. 36 t the nesp'ectivei sections, the: baflle? plates permitting of but one revolution off the exhaust around each section; it. being; uni. derst'o'ed that are manifold i36inathe end:sec=a tions=6 and7 respectii ely are provided: with inlet and' out-letportsBS and 39 respectively, the inlet port 38 vheaving-.'-sui'tah'le communicat i'on With'the eX-hau'stof the internalecombllse: ti'on engine so that someaofl the exhaust: gases:

may be utilized for heating the .inner wall 8: of the respective sections, the exhaust gasesentering the 1 mani fold 3.6 in the; end? sections '1 being guided byrneans of: the b'afiief plate? 37 Within" the" manifold oftliatl end section 7 around said section to exhaust therefrom Where the manifold iid of said" end section:

7 communicates with the .manifoldiofi theintermediate section 8: such; as. at 39: The: exhaust gases having made one revolution about and wit'hin: the) manifold- 38.01? the" intermediatesection 8', the gasesare thenv expelled int'o the-manifoldi 36% of the end section: 6,; wherelthe-manifold of said intermediate'sece tions 8 and: said en'd se'ction: 6 communicated such asis designated. asiat: 40, after, which the exhaust: gases passthroughthei outlet on exhaust opfenin'g'i39' of: the exhaust manifold of 'the end section 6 as is apparent;

'Thus the fuel; and'the heated. air Within the respective. sections being: agitated: by the blade" of the fan? Within: therespective sec;-

tio'ns, the-blade Will cause all of thezdrlopswhichare not: air-borne (fog): Ofif11811t0"ab; thrown out' by centrifugalforce againstgthe; innerfsurfaces of the inner walls: 27- of the respective sections, WhichWaIle- 27 are heated;

through the medium of the exhaust gases asjust explained.v Of course, some oft the: liqui'd'j'fuel :Will accumulate withinthe grayed; passagestQ? formed on the inner. facerof" he 5 inner Walls of'the' respective sections and-if this liquidis notcarriedrupto the crest. of

the ridges and atomized; the blast of air set: up bythe fan Will causeitheoihtozcirculate through these passages 2Z irrithe direction oftv rotation ofthe blade the blades carrying the liquid back-toward the intake endofithe next adjacent section,-Wh ere the liquidais forced:- through a plurality of: conduits or openings ll forrned in the flanges 18-=and 20 of the platesfllandiv19 respectively it being ohvig oils that adjacent these plates 14 and'1 9fthe pressure is increased since due to the cell;

trifugal force the pressurein any advance unitis greater than in the'precedingfuniti Tihesc holes Mare Sllltll stl that the amount of airjfl'owing back is negligible, consequent-- lyj there is practically continuous move ment of the air and fuel in one direction thro i'glr the assembled sections, namely. in that; direction} leading toward? the exhaust epeningr24r It. may her well; to; mention;

thati' the holesiil' in: the: nespective plates; 1&2 and 19. amfnurneneus zveachi hole draining; several of the graved passages-:27; TiheHinvention'; also? contemplates then provision of anrovepfiow or scavenger outlet 42: ton; tlie oilgh this; outlet; 42 beingsce'mmoni to: ai11 ofz the. sections; The?) outlet 4Q i'siforrned" preh:

er a-bly. in the: lower" end. portion ofrf the wall:

10. of. the end-i section 6; .thesxoutleta beingi dis posed a little abevei the passagesz27'so; as to: allow the: liquid to accumulate; in in pool: in! the: section 6, the: level?v of: the pooh. ofi course; being: alwaysemaintainedi so:-.asY-: not? to permit! the liquid? coming? in; contact with the: outent edges of; the; blades 37 This draini oedema iswina communication with: at

passageatd, whichi passageiii: communicates inner wall of the: respective: sctionswhere it will either: be' re' atomized-r 01- run: around betweehithe: r ibsa' or fins 26" to the back of the sectional; casing and thnough the: small holes klitox'the -precedingr section." A! fur tlier advantage ofthis 'devioexiszthat lower! 7 tempem-tures maybe :used :due' to :the* fact: that:

allrof the: liquid: fuel isealnlostz constantly in contact withthe heated Walls of' the respec;

tive: seotions;. the additional heat: thatv would be reqnired: toi'pe-ntrate r a:: strat'urn of: air ha .ing: consequently unnecessary thereby reduc= ingathe volumetnic" ex-pansionr oi: the =rnixture tolwminiinuiha A further advantage of aide vice of! thisnat'lune is sthat the: extreme tufbul-ence OfE air: causediby :the'revolving blades -not* only increases the rate: of vaporization" hut also thoroughly?- mixesithet: air. and fuel vapors; this teravifie mechanical convection 1 tendslto keep v throughout? thefiunitsz an" even temperature: J e v Itwilh be also apparent from the 'foregoe ing description that a device "of'i-this'nature may" be" lnanufactuned at a: relatively small If cost; camber-readily and feasilyapplied to' any intehnal combustion engineyand that the same wi'll; be positive and effie-ientraih opera tion; and? well adapted: tonthe' purpose] for;

which! it: ise designedi "Even' though: I have hen'ein'tshown and; described: the: preferredern'bediment fof my. invention @it visatoabe un ClGIStOOdl that the same: can be" used? to ad vantage with manyvclevices othen'tham with ihterrmili combustion engirrwandi isi suscep f I tible to changes fully comprehended by the spirit of the invention as herein described and the scope of the appended claims.

Vhat is claimed is:

1. In an atomizing and vaporizing device of the class described, a casing having oppositely disposed. inlet and outlet ports, said casing comprising end sections and intermediate sections, means for forcing heated air into said casing, a shaft rotatably supported in said casing, a plurality of fans secured to said shaft for rotation therewith, there being one fan within each of said sections, each of said sections being of substantially circular formation, each of said sections having inner and outer spaced peripheral walls, means for passing heated gases between said walls, means for forcing liquid into said casing, said sections having liquid receiving passages formed therein on the inner faces of the inner walls of the respective sections, said passages extending spirallyv about said sections in a direction corresponding to the direction of rotation of said fans, and liquid conduits between the respective sections and communicating with said liquid passages as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an atomizing and vaporizing device for internal combustion engines, a casing comprising a. plurality of sections, means for forcing heated air through the sections of the casing prior to the entrance of the air into the internal combustion engine, means for forcing liquid fuel into the sections of the casing prior to its entrance into an internal combustion engine, means for causing .a turbulent passage of the mixed air and fuel through said casing prior to the entrance of the mixture into the internal combustion engine, each of said sections of said casing comprising inner and outer peripheral walls, means for forcing heated exhaust gases of the engine between said inner and outer walls, the inner wall of the respective sections having spiral ribs formed thereon, said ribs being spiralled in a direction correspond ing to the direction of flow of the mixed fuel and air through the sections of the casing, and oil ducts communicating with the ribs in the respective sections to provide a passage for the liquid accumulating between said ribs for directing the oil from one section to the preceding section, as andfor the purpose specified.

3. In an atomizing and vaporizing device for internal combustion engines, a. casing, said casing comprising end sections and an intermediate section, means for securing said sections in intercommunicating relation, each of said sections comprising an inner and outer spaced peripheral wall, means for supplying exhaust gases between said peripheral wall, means for forcing heated air to the respective sections, means for forcing liquid fuel to the respective sections, to mingle with said air prior to the entrance of the mixture into the internal combustion engine, liquid fuel receiving passages spirally formed on the inner face of the inner walls of the respective sections, liquid fuel ducts between the respective sections communicating with the liquid fuel passages formed in said sections, apertured faces supported within said casing at the connected ends of said sect-ions, a shaft extending through the apertures in the plate for rotation within said section, a plurality of fans supported on said shaft adapted for rotation with said shafts, there being one fan arranged within each of said sections for agitating the mixture of liquid fuel and heated gas for forcing said mixture turbulently from one section to the other in successive relation, a baiiie plate arranged between the walls of each of said sections, the baffle plates of the respective sections cooperating to provide a circuitous passage for the exhaust gases from one section to the next succeeding section.

4:. An atomizing and vaporizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, means for forcing air into said casing through the inlet, a fuel feed pipe communicating with the inlet for feeding fuel to the air prior to the entrance of the air into said casing, spaced walls concentrically arranged in said casing, fans arranged in the casing in alternate relation with respect to the walls, said walis having central openings formed therein, the central openings being in alignment with the inlet and outlet of said casing, and circumferentially spaced vapor passages formed in the respective walls inwardly from the periphery of the walls, and means for heating the casing.

5. An atomizing and vaporizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, means for forcing air into said casing through the inlet, a fuel feed pipe communicating with the inlet for feeding fuel to the air prior to the entrance of the air into said casing, spaced walls concentrically arranged in said casing, fans arranged in the casing in alternate relation with respect to the walls, said walls having central openings formed therein, the central openings being in alignment with the inlet and outlet of said casing, and circumferentially spaced vapor passages formed in the respective walls inwardly from the periphery of the walls, and means for heating the casing, said casing further comprising inner and outer spaced peripheral walls, to provide an exhaust gas passage concentrically with the casing, having an inlet at one end of the casing, and an exhaust at the opposite end of the casing, and liquid fuel conducting passages spirally formed on the inner face of the inner peripheral wall of the casing, for conveying liquid fuel to said circumferentially spaced vapor passages.

6. An atomizing and vaporizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, means for forcing air into said casing through the inlet, a fuel feed pipe communicating with the inlet for feeding fuel to the air prior to the entrance of the air into said casing, spaced walls concentrically arranged in said casing, fans arranged in the casing in alternate relation with respect to the walls, said walls having central openings formed therein, the central openings being in alignment with the inlet and outlet of said casing, and circumferentially spaced vapor passages formed in the respective walls inwardly from the peripheryof the walls, and means for heating the casing, said casing further comprising inner and outer spaced periph eral walls, to provide an exhaust gas passage concentrically with the casing, having an inlet at one end of the casing, and an exhaust at the opposite end of the casing, and liquid fuel conducting passages spirally formed on the inner face of the inner peripheral wall of the casing, for conveying liquid fuel to said circumferentially spaced vapor passages, concentrically arranged baflie plates in the casing interposed between the fans and said concentric walls, and means for directing the exhaust gases through said exhaust passage in a circuitous manner from the inlet to the exhaust of said passage. In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

NORVIN G. MALONEY, JR. 

